Ball L, Serafini SC, Braune A, Guldner A, Bluth T, Spieth P, Huhle R, Scharffenberg M, Wittenstein J, Uhlig C, Robba C, Schultz MJ, Pelosi P, Gama de Abreu M: Changes in lung aeration and respiratory function after open abdominal surgery: A quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2022; 66: 944-953- Outcomes Research Consortium

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Ball L, Serafini SC, Braune A, Guldner A, Bluth T, Spieth P, Huhle R, Scharffenberg M, Wittenstein J, Uhlig C, Robba C, Schultz MJ, Pelosi P, Gama de Abreu M: Changes in lung aeration and respiratory function after open abdominal surgery: A quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2022; 66: 944-953

June 13, 2022

Background:
Atelectasis is one of the most common respiratory complications in patients undergoing open abdominal surgery. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO 2) and forced vital capacity (FVC) are bedside indicators of postoperative respiratory dysfunction. The aim of this study was to describe the changes in lung aeration, using quantitative analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the diagnostic accu- racy of SpO2 and FVC to detect postoperative atelectasis.
Methods:
Post-hoc analysis of a randomized trial conducted at a University Hospital in Dresden, Germany. Patients undergoing pre- and postoperative lung MRI were included. MRI signal intensity was analyzed quantitatively to define poorly and nona- erated lung compartments. Postoperative atelectasis was defined as nonaerated lung volume above 2% of the total lung volume in the respective MRI investigation.
Results:
This study included 45 patients, 27 with and 18 patients without postopera- tive atelectasis. Patients with atelectasis had higher body mass index (p = .024), had more preoperative poorly aerated lung volume (p = .049), a lower preoperative SpO2 (p = .009), and a lower preoperative FVC (p = .029). The amount of atelectasis corre- lated with preoperative SpO2 (Spearman’s ρ = .51, p < .001) and postoperative SpO2 (ρ = .60, p < .001), and with preoperative FVC (ρ = .29, p = .047) and post- operative FVC (ρ = .40, p = .006). A postoperative SpO2 ≤ 94% had 74% sensitivity and 78% specificity to detect atelectasis, while postoperative FVC ≤ 50% had 56% sensitivity and 100% specificity to detect atelectasis. Conclusion:
SpO2 and FVC correlated with the amount of postoperative non-aerated lung volume, showing acceptable diagnostic accuracy in bedside detection of postop- erative atelectasis.